27 Şubat 2013 Çarşamba

Maryland State Flower

Maryland State Flower

Black-eyed Susan (common name)
Rudbeckia hirta 
(scientific name)

Overview

The black-eyed Susan became the Maryland state flower in 1918. While it’s not native to the state, by the late 1800s it was a common wildflower in Maryland fields and along roadsides. Of particular significance are the flower’s colors, which are the same black and gold of the first Lord Baltimore’s coat of arms. A plant can grow up to 3 ft (1 m) tall, but is typically closer to a height of 1–2 ft (.3–.6 m).
The flowers are not particularly large, but their bright color and dark center make them quite noticeable. They are similar to daisies with a round center and multiple long, narrow petals, but the black-eyed Susan’s center is raised and forms a rounded cone. The petals are actually eight to 21 deep golden ray flowers around central dark-colored disk florets. The stems and the oval leaves are hairy, and each stem produces one flower.

Close-up

STATUS
Official
PHYSICAL DETAILS
Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Plant: Oval, hairy leaves with single flowers on a long, branching stalks
Mature Height: 1–2 ft (.3–.6 m)
Flowering: May through August
Flowers: 2–4 in (5–10 cm) across with 8–21 ray flowers around a 1-inch dark brown central cone
Flower Color: Deep golden yellow
Leaves: 3–5 in (7.5–13 cm) long narrow ovals
Fruit/Seed Color: Brown
HABITAT
Location: Fields and open areas
Range: Across the U.S. except Arizona and Nebraska
TRIVIA
  • The flower is also sometimes called a gloriosa daisy.
  • Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus named the flowerRudbeckia hirta after two professors teaching at the University of Uppsala, Olav Rudbeck and his son.
  • Native Americans used a tea made from the plant’s roots as medicine for worms, colds, sores, and types of swelling.

Click to enlarge an image
State Flower
Black-Eyed Susan
State Flower
Patch of Black-Eyed Susans
State Flower
Close-up of Black-Eyed Susan Ready to Flower

CLASSIFICATION
Kingdom:Plantae
Subkingdom:Tracheobionta
Superdivision:Spermatophyta
Division:Magnoliophyta
Class:Magnoliopsida
Subclass:Asteridae
Order:Asterales
Family:Asteraceae
Genus:Rudbeckia
Species:R. hirta
Author: World Trade Press

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